Juries are sometimes not so reasonable as each side will try to select jury members sympathetic to their side. Whoa, what is that? The purpose of these models is to clarify, both for officers and citizens, the complex subject of use of force.
Simply put it all deals with the escalation of force that a reasonable person can apply in any given situation and again is a factor in your decision making process. The continuum of force progresses from verbal orders, through physical restraint, non-lethal force such as pepper sprays, tazers etc, up to, and in some cases, lethal force. The general rule for application of force is that only necessary force may be used. When force is applied by an individual for example, to protect life, or property , the force permissible is only that which is reasonable and necessary under the circumstances.
When a level of force beyond verbal commands is used, you are accountable for the degree of force applied. You are usually legally allowed to use an equal level of force that your attacker is using to protect yourself or others or to end the encounter. In the case of lethal force, other levels of force must have been attempted or considered first, unless lethal force was the only way to minimize loss of life or prevent serious injury. You tell the guy to beat it and he immediately starts to verbally threaten you, so you draw your firearm and shoot him.
This of course would be considered excessive use of force. Having an unbalanced use of force can and will land you in jail since you can only apply the amount of force that is necessary and reasonable to control the situation. You now use your firearm to defend your life, because you have determined there is no way to retreat safely and there is no time to use or consider other options, you may just have a justifiable defensive shooting.
Notice I said may have…. Nothing in this game is guaranteed, I have seen jury trials go very wrong very fast and this can happen even if you think you are the one in the right. Deadly force cannot be used unless the victim is in fear of grave bodily injury or death.
This usually requires the presence of a weapon. However, sometimes a significant disparity in the strength or fighting ability between the parties exist. Examples: A man against a woman, A martial arts expert against a normal man, 2 or 3 men against a lone individual etc. These and other disparities are considered in law, however there are no steadfast guidelines. A pound man vs. Transferred intent or transferred malice in English law is a doctrine also used in criminal law when the intention to harm one individual inadvertently causes a second person to be hurt instead.
Under the law, the individual causing the harm will be seen as having "intended" the act by means of the "transferred intent" doctrine.
Simply put if you use your gun to protect your life and you accidentally shoot an innocent by stander, that intent is transferred from your intended target your attacker to the innocent victim you killed. In this case you will most likely be arrested and charged for 2nd degree homicide regardless of what the circumstances that transpired between you and your attacker.
The Doctrine of Competing Harms is a legal doctrine in certain U. The desirability and urgency of such conduct may not rest upon considerations pertaining to the morality and advisability of such statute. The Doctrine of Competing Harms also includes homicide in cases of self defense. Justifiable Homicide. You also have to understand that there really is no law called "Self Defense" and that when you take the life of another human being it will always start out as Homicide It is then up to the Attorney General, County Attorney, District Attorney or the jury at your trial to determine if your actions were justifiable under the law.
Justifiable Homicide means that you are guilty of homicide but it was justifiable under the law. A castle doctrine is a legal doctrine that designates a person's abode or, in some states, any legally-occupied place [e.
Typically deadly force is considered justified, and a defense of justifiable homicide applicable, in cases "when the actor reasonably fears imminent peril of death or serious bodily harm to him or herself or another". A stand-your-ground law is a type of self-defense law that gives individuals the right to use deadly force to defend themselves without any requirement to evade or retreat from a dangerous situation.
It is law in certain jurisdictions within the United States. The basis may lie in either statutory law and or common law precedents. One key distinction is whether the concept only applies to defending lawfully occupied locations.
Under these legal concepts, a person is justified in using deadly force in certain situations and the stand-your-ground law would be a defense or immunity to criminal charges and civil suit.
The difference between immunity and a defense is that an immunity bars suit, charges, detention and arrest. A defense, including an affirmative defense, is a fact or set of facts that may avoid or mitigate the adverse legal consequences of the defendant's otherwise unlawful conduct.
Forty-six states in the United States have adopted the castle doctrine, that a person has no duty to retreat whatsoever when their home is attacked. Twenty-two states go a step further, removing the duty of retreat from other locations outside the home. Such "stand your ground", "Line in the Sand" or "No Duty to Retreat" laws thus state that a person has no duty or other requirement to abandon a place in which he has a right to be, or to give up ground to an assailant.
Under such laws, there is no duty to retreat from anywhere the defender may legally be. Other restrictions may still exist; such as when in public, a person must be carrying firearms in a legal manner, whether concealed or openly.
Another subject that is asked all the time is can I use my firearm to protect my property? The simply answer here is Yes and No. Wait, what? Exactly, again every circumstance requires analysis, restraint and good judgment on your part always thinking about those 12 reasonable and sometimes not so reasonable people on the jury.
In almost all cases and in most states you cannot shoot someone to protect property except in the case of arson in some states. Now, look back at the bullet spread between adjusting for recoil against not adjusting for it.
Far and away, adjusting aim for recoil provides a tighter spread — which means more accurate fire — to the point where the aim adjusted hip-fire looks tighter than aiming down sights without adjusting! Every weapon in the game has a different recoil pattern, which can be learned over time. Predicting the weapon recoil pattern could be a game-changer for even the most experienced player, and all it takes is paying a little bit of attention to how your weapon operates. While aiming and firing in a real engagement, your weapon may also kick after your Operator takes damage and flinches from the impact.
Keep this in mind as well when trying to aim your shots accordingly, as even the slightest flinch can throw a shot well off target, especially at long distances. So, hip-firing gets a faster first shot off than waiting to aim down sights, while aiming down sights most often provides more accurate fire. But, what can you do in a situation to have a fast first shot AND accurate fire? This brings up a technique that many Call of Duty players try to master: the hip-fire to ADS mechanic.
At the beginning of a close-quarters engagement, try simultaneously pressing the fire and aim buttons to potentially get a quicker and more accurate first shot off. Alternatively, consider this scenario: you are about to walk outside a tight room to a large open field, and have a good idea that the enemy would be too far away to hit with a hip-fired weapon.
Not all weapons are created equal. Certain weapon types are better suited for ADS or best when hip-fired, and their effective ranges — the distance at which they might be most valuable in combat due to their damage profiles — all differ. Another way to significantly reduce recoil and idle sway is by mounting a weapon. To mount a weapon, simply aim down its sights near a ledge or wall and press the corresponding button prompt when it appears.
Dismounting is as simple as another button press. Even when using massive light machine guns with high caliber bullets, mounting can be key to getting a precise shot on your target and sustaining accurate fire, including when taking damage. Mounting does come with its downsides, however. While mounting, your aiming angle is limited to a maximum of degrees until you dismount. Furthermore, your head will be visible while mounting, making it stick out and susceptible to enemy fire.
However, bear in mind that mounting up on a position for too long could give you some notoriety. Elite Warzone players are hardly stationary when firing burst or full-auto weapons when in an engagement, as they want to avoid taking damage for the sake of their own health and to keep their aim as accurate as possible. Along with using cover, they use two techniques to maximize their elusiveness while maintaining accuracy in engagements within close or medium ranges:.
The first is the dropshot , or going from the standing position to prone while firing. Black Ops Cold War players may think that this characteristic is only available when equipping certain handle attachments, such as the Dropshot Wrap, but within Warzone , anyone can dropshot with any weapon. However, trained Operators know that this can be easily countered by aiming for center mass or lower from the onset of an engagement instead of the head, as the dropshotter will deliberately.
So long as the pattern is not predictable, strafing can be a great micro-movement to use within engagements, as a few missed bullets by your enemy could be the difference between life and death. While we can make a case for every weapon in the game, what if you are uncomfortably close to an enemy? Like, so close that you could smell the meal they had for breakfast?
Or what if you suddenly find yourself right behind an enemy after going around a corner? SparkTeach Teacher's Handbook. Brown Ikemefuna Unoka. Why is Ezinma so special to Okonkwo? Why does Nwoye convert to Christianity? Why does Okonkwo hang himself? Summary Chapters 12— Summary: Chapter 12 At dawn, Chielo exits the shrine with Ezinma on her back. Previous section Chapters 9—11 Next section Chapters 14— Test your knowledge Take the Chapters Quick Quiz. Popular pages: Things Fall Apart.
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