What was national city lines

Retrieved Wikimedia Foundation. National City Corp. National City, Illinois — is a suburb of East St. Louis, Illinois. Incorporated in , it was a company town for the St. Louis National Stockyards Company. Contents 1 History 1. National Grid, Malaysia — Malay: Grid Nasional is the primary electricity transmission network linking the electricity generation, transmission, distribution and consumption in Malaysia.

More than … … Wikipedia. This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of… … Wikipedia. Formation … Wikipedia. National City Lines. Pacific City Lines was organized for the purpose of acquiring local transit companies on the Pacific Coast and commenced doing business in January American was organized to acquire local transportation systems in the larger metropolitan areas in various parts of the country in It merged with National in Its capital was limited and its earlier experience in public financing convinced it that it could not successfully finance the purchase of an increasing number of operating companies in various parts of the United States by such means.

Accordingly it devised the plan of procuring funds from manufacturing companies whose products its operating companies were using constantly in their business.

National approached General Motors, which manufactures busses and delivers them to the various sections of the United States.

It approached Firestone, whose business of manufacturing and supplying tires extends likewise throughout the nation. In the middle west, where a large part of its operating subsidiaries were to be located, it solicited investment of funds from Phillips, which operates throughout that section but not on the east or west coast. Pacific undertook the procurement of funds from General Motors and Firestone and also from Standard Oil of California, which operates on the Pacific coast.

Mack Truck Company was also solicited. Eventually each of the suppliers entered into a contract with City Lines defendants of the character we have described whereby City Lines companies agreed that they would buy their exclusive requirements from the contracting supplier and from no one else. We think that the court's rulings were fair, and that, having permitted great latitude in admitting testimony as to intent, purpose and reasons for the making of the contracts, the court, in its discretion, was entirely justified in excluding the additional testimony offered.

King; Rev. Many of those transit systems had already converted from streetcars to buses. Additional factors enabled NCL to acquire streetcar systems in the first place. Because streetcars were the earliest heavy users of electricity, it was practical and economical for many streetcar systems to be owned by the electric utility companies themselves. As part of the New Deal , federal legislation was passed ordering the electric utility companies to sell off their businesses not actually providing electricity.

In National City Lines, with others was indicted in the Federal District Court of Southern California on two counts: ' conspiring to acquire control of a number of transit companies, forming a transportation monopolize ' and 'Conspiring to monopolize sales of buses and supplies to companies owned by National City Lines' in what became known as the Great American streetcar scandal or 'General Motors streetcar conspiracy', 'National City Lines conspiracy'.

National City Lines Inc. In , General Motors, Standard Oil of California, Firestone and others were convicted of conspiring to monopolize the sale of buses and related products to local transit companies controlled by NCL and other companies; they were acquitted of conspiring to monopolize the ownership of these companies.

The verdicts were upheld on appeal in There is considerable uncertainty and variability amongst sources as to where National City Lines operated. The larger local transportation systems include those of Baltimore, St. The largest concentrations of smaller systems are in Illinois, with eleven cities; California with nine excluding Los Angeles ; and Michigan with four. The local operating companies were not named as parties defendant. This table attempts to bring together the many sources detailing the cities in which, at one time or another, National City Lines owned or controlled transit companies.

This led to the Montgomery bus boycott. Montgomery City Lines was placed in the middle of a dispute between Montgomery's black citizenry and Montgomery city laws.

Bagley wrote: [15].