In the simplified construction of three-phase AC generator, the armature core has 6 slots , cut on its inner rim.
Six armature conductors are mounted in these slots. The conductors 1 and 4 are joined in series to form coil 1. The conductors 3 and 6 form coil 2 while the conductors 5 and 2 form coil 3.
One of the great advantages of AC over DC for electric-power distribution is that it is much easier to step voltage levels up and down with AC than with DC. Bridge rectifiers will convert it into DC,there will only be 2 diodes working at any time so voltage output of the transformer will drop down by 1. It is a type of electric power converter.
Power levels range from very low small batteries to very high high-voltage power transmission. Thanks to Tesla and Edison to produce these types of electricity,also thanks to technology that found ways of conversion between them. More by the author:. Despite all of its wonderful uses in things like smartphones, televisions, flashlights, and even electric vehicles, direct current does have three serious limitations: 1 High Voltages.
DC Current Definition: is the one directional or unidirectional flow electric charge. The DC current can be measured by a multimeter. The multimeter is: connected in series with the load. Definition: is an electric current which periodically reverses direction, in contrast to direct current DC which flows only in one direction. It can be measured by a multimeter as DC current. To generate AC in a set of water pipes, we connect a mechanical crank to a piston that moves water in the pipes back and forth our "alternating" current.
An AC transformer is an electrical device that is used to change the voltage in alternating current AC to DC electrical circuits. Use one of the rectifier circuits half wave, full wave or bridge rectifier to convert the AC voltage to DC.
From this study we conclude that both AC and DC have many applications,no one is better than the other, everyone of them has its own application. Did you make this project? A filter used eradicated the current pulsations in the rectifier output. To sum up, the points of difference between AC and DC include:. Points of Difference. Alternating Current AC. Direct Current DC. Travelling Distance. Even it can transfer between two cities.
Electron Flow. In AC, electrons keep switching their direction from frontward to backward. Electrons only move in a forward direction in a DC motor. The frequency of the alternating current is generally in between 50 to 60 Hz. The direct current has no or zero frequency. Source of Availability. The source of availability for AC current is AC generators.
The source of availability for DC current is either battery, electrochemical cell, or photovoltaic cell. Generally, AC current is of sinusoidal type. Its other types can be triangular and square trapezoidal. The DC current is of pure and pulsating form. Additionally, 60 cycles of the sine wave occurs every second.
If we were to measure the voltage in our outlets with an oscilloscope, this is what we would see WARNING: do not attempt to measure the voltage in an outlet with an oscilloscope!
This will likely damage the equipment. This is also correct. When talking about AC since the voltage changes constantly , it is often easier to use an average or mean. To accomplish that, we use a method called "Root mean squared. Home and office outlets are almost always AC. This is because generating and transporting AC across long distances is relatively easy. At high voltages over kV , less energy is lost in electrical power transmission.
Higher voltages mean lower currents, and lower currents mean less heat generated in the power line due to resistance. AC can be converted to and from high voltages easily using transformers. AC is also capable of powering electric motors.
Motors and generators are the exact same device, but motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy if the shaft on a motor is spun, a voltage is generated at the terminals! This is useful for many large appliances like dishwashers, refrigerators, and so on, which run on AC. Direct current is a bit easier to understand than alternating current.
Rather than oscillating back and forth, DC provides a constant voltage or current. The tank can only push water one way: out the hose. Similar to our DC-producing battery, once the tank is empty, water no longer flows through the pipes. DC is defined as the "unidirectional" flow of current; current only flows in one direction. Voltage and current can vary over time so long as the direction of flow does not change. To simplify things, we will assume that voltage is a constant.
For example, we assume that a AA battery provides 1. What does this mean? It means that we can count on most DC sources to provide a constant voltage over time. In reality, a battery will slowly lose its charge, meaning that the voltage will drop as the battery is used.
For most purposes, we can assume that the voltage is constant. Almost all electronics projects and parts for sale on SparkFun run on DC. Examples of DC electronics include:. Almost every home and business is wired for AC. However, this was not an overnight decision. In the late s, a variety of inventions across the United States and Europe led to a full-scale battle between alternating current and direct current distribution. Thomas Edison, on the other hand, had constructed DC power stations in the United States by A turning point in the battle came when George Westinghouse, a famous industrialist from Pittsburgh, purchased Nikola Tesla's patents for AC motors and transmission the next year.
Thomas Edison Image courtesy of biography. In the late s, DC could not be easily converted to high voltages. As a result, Edison proposed a system of small, local power plants that would power individual neighborhoods or city sections.
Even though the voltage drop across the power lines was accounted for, power plants needed to be located within 1 mile of the end user. This limitation made power distribution in rural areas extremely difficult, if not impossible. With Tesla's patents, Westinghouse worked to perfect the AC distribution system. Transformers provided an inexpensive method to step up the voltage of AC to several thousand volts and back down to usable levels. At higher voltages, the same power could be transmitted at much lower current, which meant less power lost due to resistance in the wires.
As a result, large power plants could be located many miles away and service a greater number of people and buildings. Over the next few years, Edison ran a campaign to highly discourage the use of AC in the United States, which included lobbying state legislatures and spreading disinformation about AC. Edison also directed several technicians to publicly electrocute animals with AC in an attempt to show that AC was more dangerous than DC.
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